Which term refers to items that are vital for human survival?

The term that refers to items that are vital for human survival is needs. Needs encompass the basic requirements essential for maintaining life, such as food, water, shelter, and clothing. These elements are fundamental for physical well-being and survival, distinguishing them from other terms associated with human desires and choices.

In contrast, wants, desires, and preferences pertain to things that people might like or wish for but are not essential for survival. Wants are broader desires that often include non-essential items, while desires can encompass anything a person may wish for, whether critical or not. Preferences reflect individual tastes and choices but also do not imply the necessity for survival. Thus, understanding the distinction between these concepts is crucial in resource management and in recognizing what constitutes fundamental human needs.